Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus

In type 2 diabetes (T2D), sugar accumulates in the blood because the body’s cells do not respond adequately to the hormone insulin and absorb too little sugar. This leads to increasing insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, in which the beta cells in the pancreas release insulin too slowly after a meal. Some people can control their diabetes through increased physical activity and slight weight loss, while others require long-term treatment with tablets or insulin.

Häufige Symptome von Typ-2-Diabetes

Typical signs of type 2 diabetes (T2D) include excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, lack of energy, nausea, and dizziness. Heredity plays a significant role in type 2 diabetes, but external factors such as an unhealthy diet, obesity, and lack of exercise always contribute to the onset of the disease. However, it is also possible for T2D to develop solely due to these risk factors. Type 2 diabetes was long referred to as „adult-onset diabetes“ because it primarily affected older people. Now, the number of young people with T2D is increasing, due to an unhealthy lifestyle characterized by poor diet and lack of exercise. T2D is even being diagnosed in children and adolescents.

Behandlung von Typ-2-Diabetes mit Tabletten und Spritzen

Treatment for more severe type 2 diabetes often requires the use of medications to lower blood sugar. These can include both tablets and injections such as insulin or incretin mimetics. Incretin mimetics are substances with effects similar to hormones, designed to stimulate the body’s own insulin production. It is also possible to combine tablets and injections. Common medications used to treat type 2 diabetes (antidiabetic drugs) include metformin, gliptins, and sulfonylureas.

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